Error Control Begins to Shape Quantum Architectures

…Quantum computing has a crucial weakness that may severely delay, if not kill outright, its chances of becoming a way of running algorithms that classical computers cannot handle: its susceptibility to noise…

“If you are serious about fault-tolerant computing, then all you should care about is logical-level error rate, connectivity, and clock speed.”

 

…[Q]ubits are far more susceptible to unwanted changes than conventional electronic bits, which leads to poor performance in practical circuits. Production machines need the effective error rate per qubit to be less than one in a quadrillion; today, the error rate for physical qubits is one in 1,000 at best. Such high error rates call for as many as 30 additional qubits needed to protect just one physical qubit…

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