Qudits vice Qubits: More Ways to Store Information in a Photon
Quantum information science has been built on such experiments involving quantum communication, quantum cryptography, and numerous other facets of this newly burgeoning field. Predominantly, these experiments were based on qubits — quantum bits; two entagled photons. Higher-dimensional quantum systems (HDQS) exist yet are only beginning to be studied. This report discusses many aspects of the qudit — a high-dimensional quantum system based on the Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) state of photons and the application to quantum information science.